This is a "universal" programmer intended for various 8-pin chips:

The architecture of this programmer is somewhat based on those high end universal programmers: a USB MCU interfacing the computer, and an FPGA routing signals to the pins of the target chip. This specific implementation used a STM32F103CBT6 as the USB MCU, and a XC2C32A CPLD as the routing chip.

The hardware allows the programmer to interface any chip that:

Additionally, if I2C is used on pins 5, and 6, an external bypass can be used to allow faster I2C access.